2 Best Practices to Prevent Breast Cancer in Men & Women - Research Paper

Introduction

Breast cancer is a disease in which particular cells in the breast become abnormal and reproduce uncontrollably to create a tumor. As much as breast cancer is much common to women, this kind of cancer can also gown in men. The common form of breast cancer starts in cells lining - the milk ducts. In women, it can form in the glands that produce milk. Most men have little or no lobular tissue, hence lobular in men is very rare.

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According to Talbert (2008), there are two best practices can be used in diagnosing and managing breast cancer to reduce the number of women that face death due to breast cancer. One of the approaches in assessing the presence and risk of obtaining breast cancer is through screening. Breast cancer screening is checking a woman's breast for cancer prior to seeing signs or symptoms of the disease. Nonetheless, breast cancer screening cannot stop breast cancer from developing, but it can assist to locate cells that usually cause breast cancer. The second practice is creating awareness. For primary control of best cancer, women need to be well informed concerning risk factors and risk reduction for breast cancer comprising women with family history of breast cancer, age at menarche, gender, late menopause, oral contraceptive pills, no breastfeeding, obesity, and, use of substance such as alcohol (Kohler et al., 2017). Creating awareness, therefore, promote health-seeking behavioral change with adequate usage and adherence to breast cancer prevention and screening techniques.

Year, US Department of Health, and, Human Services Health Resources and Services Administration (n.d) assert that, the current best practices according to who includes defining who should be screened(risk stratification, the age to start screening, the age to stop screening) and what technique should be utilized for screening. The current practices suggest that routine screening needs to be provided to women aged 50 to 69 years. These approaches are similar to the suggest in the research by Talbert (2008).

The first practice suggests by the article is screening for cancer. The goal of screening for breast cancer is to detect preclinical disease in healthy, asymptomatic patients to avoid the adverse outcome, enhance survival, and, prevent the need for more intensive treatments. In other words, screening for breast cancer helps in minimizes the morbidity and mortality linked with breast cancer by ensuring that patients obtain mammography screening.

Creating awareness can be used in clinical practice to serve the needs of preventing breast cancer. Preventing means minimization or elimination of exposure to the causes of a disease and it entails reducing individual vulnerability to the effects of such causes. About 40% of cancers are preventable through intervention such as environmental and tobacco control, promotion of healthy diets and physical activity (Kohler, 2017). Prevention provides the most cost-effective long-term approach for the control of cancer. Creating awareness falls under primary interventions. Other practices categorized under primary intervention are health counseling and environmental controls. Primary control keeps a cancerous process from developing.

The World Health Care Organization recommends that suitable multidisciplinary strategy to cancer management should be adopted to attain the safest and the most cost effective care. Among those approaches are screening and creating public awareness.

References

Kohler, R. E., Miller, A. R., Gutnik, L., Lee, C. N., & Gopal, S. (2017). Experiences and perceptions regarding clinical breast exam screening by trained laywomen in Malawi. Cancer Causes & Control, 28(2), 137-143. Retrieved from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10552-016-0844-0

Talbert, P. Y. (2008). The relationship of fear and fatalism with breast cancer screening among a selected target population of African American middle class women. Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences, 2(1), 7. Retrieved from: https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/jsbhs/vol2/iss1/7/

Year, F. US Department of Health and Human Services Health Resources and Services Administration. Retrieved from: http://www.nasuad.org/documentation/aca/grants/CFDA%2093.501.pdf