Clean Water: Essential for Life, Yet Neglected by Many - Research Paper

Introduction

Water is an essential component for all existing life forms for sustainability and proliferation of life. Human beings require portable water for survival which is noncontaminated water, and so it is vital to ensure that we avoid activities that contaminate water. Most of the people care about the instant availability of water and care less about the condition of the water especially in the undeveloped part of the world where access to clean water is a significant issue which is a big shame in the 21st Century. Water pollution a vital world issue where it is difficult to find 100% clean water especially for consumption and also for manufacturing food for products. It is also essential for agricultural activities which are a significant contributor to the world economy. Water shortage includes water pressure, water lack or shortfalls, and water emergency. While the idea of water pressure is generally new, it is the trouble of acquiring wellsprings of spring water for use amid an emergency and may result in further exhaustion and weakening of accessible water resources. Water deficiencies might be brought about by environmental change, for example, adjusted climate designs including dry spells or floods, expanded contamination, and expanded human interest and abuse of water. A water emergency is where the accessible consumable, unpolluted water inside a district is not as much as that area's interest.

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Water Contamination

It is very disappointing that today people can access improved items like electronics and do other things that were thought to be impossible, but they cannot obtain enough clean water which is an essential element in their daily life. A recent report shows that almost 884 million people in the planet lack access to clean water for consumption and this is very sad and as the year goes on the number also increase (Gude et al. 2017). It is reported every day that a large number of people around 2.4 billion face the risk of suffering from water-borne diseases due to drinking and getting into contact with dirty water (Jamie et al. 2016). Due to the industrial revolution, world industries continue to grow in numbers. These industries require an outlet for the wast, and so most of them release their effluents into the water bodies like the rivers and the seas. People trap the water for use from these water sources and end up consuming parts of this waste, and this may lead to getting diseases (Black et al. 2016).

The industrial waste from oil and soap industries are the primary sources of water contamination, and an example of such production is Tanta Oil and Soap industry. Most of these industrial wastes are released through gravity sewers to the chief public sewerage inlets. Other companies like textile companies release dye-rich wastes to the water bodies, and this is a significant risk factor for the public in consuming the contaminated water which may result in diseases. Wastewater treatment methods like the combined electrochemical irradiation also pollute the water by destabilizing of these waters (Steve et al. 2018). Most of the countries use pharmaceuticals to treat waters for consumption, and they include chlorine, and these chemicals pose a significant problem to human health. The use in excess is dangerous when used in agriculture and also when used in household activities like cooking. These chemicals may also fail to completely dissolve in water which poses a great danger to the public. Farm inputs like fertilizers and the pesticides contribute to pollution and especially when they are released to the atmosphere and combine with the clouds which forming acidic rain which causes respiratory diseases and also lowers the agricultural production (Connor et al. 2015).

Water Scarcity. A recent study indicates that five years from now most parts of the world are estimating two-thirds of the total world population will be experiencing water scarcity unless the political sector works together with a global organization like WHO and other organizations to solve this issue (Zachary et al. 2018). The rate of water use increases with the growth of the world population since almost all activities require this product. Most industries use large amounts of water to process and manufacture food products, and this reduces the volumes of clean water available to the public for consumption and also for agricultural activities. The world percentage of fresh water per the total amount of water available is 3%, and this causes approximately 70% of the global population to suffer from chronically suffer under less water availability (Veera et al. 2017). Water pollution is the leading cause of water unavailability since this polluted water is not ready for human use and also for agricultural purposes and this is an issue since people can not survive without food and agriculture is the primary source of food.

The use of available clean water for agriculture reduces the amount for drinking and cooking and for other household use that requires clean water. Farming uses 70% of the solvent, and 60% of it is wasted and not used by the crops as they only use 10%. Although agriculture is essential countries like the United States, Australia, and China are almost at the limit of this resource provision, and this has become an issue for their cities in getting enough clean water High rate population growth leads to water scarcity because water is used in other areas to maintain this high growth.

Effects of Water Contamination and Scarcity

The main issue with water contamination and scarcity health problems among human beings where polluted water cause health issues mainly the water-borne diseases like typhoid, Cholera, and dysentery which may lead to death. Lack of enough water makes the sewage stagnant, and this creates a space for the multiplication of microorganisms that causes human diseases, for example, the bacteria and fungi. The second effect is that scarcity leads to hunger as there is low agricultural production which is the primary source of food for the planet population (Maggie et al. 2016). Contaminated water is also not suitable for plant and animal growth that provide food to humans, and if they consume the water, they fail to grow and eventually die reducing food production. The lack of clean enough water highly contributes to poverty and especially in parts of South Africa and Mexico. Clean water is a significant source of excellent living standards. The last effect of water contamination and scarcity is the loss of wetland which are substantial areas used by humans for food production.

No access to Drinking Water which is the most serious issue that happens when one has water shortage is that individuals are not ready to get new, clean drinking water. The human body can just go so long without water, and an absence of drinking water can result in various different issues, which we talk about underneath. Hunger is if there is no water that can be utilized so as to help water the yields, at that point, you will have individuals that are going hungry. Creatures will likewise die, which will result in an absence of meat also. Water shortage, so, makes starvation happen all at once for the two individuals and creatures that are situated in the zone.

Sanitation Issues: Without access to clean water, there is no real way to clean sustenance, dishes, or individuals. At the point when individuals are not offered access to legitimate sanitation, ailment winds up ending up considerably more of an issue than it would have been something else. It likewise causes emotional wellness issues, including despondency and tension. Poverty arises when all taking all things together, individuals who are managing water shortage are regularly stuck in neediness also. These individuals are not ready to get the assets that they need so as to have the capacity to flourish, and rather are marginally getting by through these troublesome occasions.

Solutions to Water Contamination and Scarcity

It is significant to take control measures that reduce water scarcity, and also contamination and these measures include water conservation to maintain large volumes which will be available for use in the seasons when there are no rains. The stored water should be treated to kill infectious microorganisms and filtered to remove sediments. The chemicals used in water treatment should be of low quantities to prevent harmful effects when consumed, and we used in Agriculture (Richerd et al. 2018). Water shortage is driven by two major needs: developing freshwater use and consumption of usable freshwater assets. Water shortage can be a consequence of two systems. physical (supreme) water shortage and financial water shortage, where physical water shortage is an aftereffect of insufficient regular water assets to supply a district's interest, and monetary water shortage is an aftereffect of poor administration of the adequate accessible water assets. As indicated by the United Nations Development Program, the last is observed all the more frequently to be the reason for nations or locales encountering water shortage, as most nations or districts have enough water to meet family, mechanical, rural, and natural needs, yet do not have the way to give it in an open way.

Conclusion

Apart from food and energy, water is an essential component in all life forms and especially in human beings as seen in the above discussion. Enough water free from contamination allows growth sustains life through consumption use and also food provision through agriculture. The governments should employ measures that ensure that people get enough and clean water throughout and this may lead to the growth of the economy and most importantly prevent the outbreak of diseases like Cholera, Typhoid and others.

Water shortage makes it troublesome for individuals to get the training that they need or that they merit. Why? Predominantly, on the grounds that those kids are either too wiped out to even consider going to class, or they are attempting to help get water to the home and the family. diseases appear if you don't have clean water get to, at that point you will be bound to get sicknesses from the water that you do have. Regardless of whether you're drinking the water or utilizing it for washing, those maladies will get into the body and, in various cases, the general population diverting those ailments will pass.

Works Cited

Black, Maggie. The atlas of water: mapping the World's most critical resource. Univ of California Press, 2016.

Connor, Richard. The United Nations world water development report 2015: water for a sustainable world. Vol. 1. UNESCO Publishing, 2015.

Donnenfeld, Zachary, Courtney Crookes, and Steve Hedden. "A delicate balance: water scarcity in South Africa." ISS Southern Africa Report 2018.13 (2018): 1-24.

Eakin, Hallie, et al. "Adapting to risk and perpetuating poverty: household's strategies for managing flood risk and water scarcity in Mexico City." Environmental science & policy 66 (2016): 324-333.

Fragkou, Maria Christina, and Jamie McEvoy. "Trust matters: Why augmenting water supplies via desalination may not overcome perceptual water scarcity." Desalination 397 (2016): 1-8.

Gude, Veera Gnaneswar. "Desalination and water reuse to address global water scarcity." Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology 16.4 (2017): 591-609.