Essay on the Inclusion of Respiratory Breathing in CPR

The above study concentrated on animal models and out-of-hospital patients. Its findings disregard the inclusion of respiratory breathing in CPR, and conclude that chest compression alone is as effective as standard CPR for patients suffering from cardiac arrest. The animal models involved controlled induction of cardiac arrest. This step makes the absolute transfer of these findings to a clinical setup, since cardiac arrest in hospital patients is spontaneous and uncontrolled. Nonetheless, there are several important aspects that are useful in nursing practice when managing patients with cardiopulmonary distress.

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Asphyxia is a common cause of emergency reporting to a critical care unit (Berg, Meaney, & Nadkarni, 2014). Patients suffering from insufficient ventilation from drowning, smoke, strangulation, drug and chemical overdose, and gagging need urgent resuscitation in a health care center. Often, emergency care nurses employ conventional CPR, which according to this article, delays the recovery process. Conventional CPR reduces the frequency of chest compressions and thus exposes the patient to more neurological damage. This article thus provides useful insights on to why it may be necessary to skip respiratory breathing.

One study discussed in this paper suggests that standard CPR may be of paramount importance after all. There is reported advantage of employing chest compressions simultaneously with lung ventilation to allow rapid restoration of heart and cardiac functionality. Therefore, nurses should decide when to use either method depending on the severity of the case and the number of manpower available. If more than one nurse is available, it is recommended to execute standard CPR to shorten the time of recovery. The research also shows that there are minimal chances of acquiring an infection when a rescuer does mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Nurses can thus get assurance that there is a very low risk of getting infected when they rescue patients by orally ventilating their lungs.

Electronic ventricular defibrillation is the most common method used by nurses and paramedics to resuscitate patients. The article shows that defibrillation alone restores hemodynamic integrity but does not guarantee sufficient tissue oxygenation. Combining mechanical defibrillation with respiratory breathing can, therefore, result in faster blood oxygenation and less tissue damage. The article warns of performing bystander CPR to children and patients without cardiac involvement. Nurse should also put this note into consideration since pediatric patients form a part of the patients requiring hospital CPR.

Finally, nurses play an important role public health, safety, and wellbeing. The central message of this article is equipping the general population with skills that can be helpful in emergencies involving cardiac arrests. The article recommends training of bystanders on basic CPR techniques. As part of their duties, nurses should be proactive in training close family members of hospitalized or discharged patients on the correct bystander CPR techniques to capacitate them for basic life support.

Michael et als (2008) study does not involve comprehensive ethical review. The study was a systematic review of literature. Regardless, there are strict ethical regulations that govern the compilation and publication of reviews. Wager and Wiffen (2011) identify them as avoiding redundancy, transparency, recognition of authors, ensuring accuracy and avoiding plagiarism. Redundancy is the multiple publishing of reviews. According to Wager and Wiffen (2011), this should be avoided at all cost. The paper under discussion does not exhibit redundancy and it is published in different journals as the same version. Avoiding plagiarism is an academic regulation that many scholars fail to adhere to. A systematic review entirely involves reiteration of information and data by a second person other than the original researcher. Michael et al (2008) avoided plagiarism and cited all authors for whom they consulted material for this paper.

References

Berg, R. A., Meaney, P. A., & Nadkarni, V. M. (2014). Does a resuscitation pharmacologic bundle of epinephrine, terlipressin, and corticosteroids improve outcome from asphyxial cardiac arrest? Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, 15(6), 573-574.

Sayre, M. R., Berg, R. A., Cave, D. M., Page, R. L., Potts, J., & White, R. D. (2013). Hands-only (compression-only) cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a call to action for bystander response to adults who experience out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest. Circulation, 117(16), 2162-2167.

Wager, E., & Wiffen, P. J. (2011). Ethical issues in preparing and publishing systematic reviews. Journal of EvidenceBased Medicine, 4(2), 130-134.