God Exists: Kalam Cosmological Argument Explained - Essay Sample

Introduction

Kalam cosmological argument is one of the famous proponents of the existence of God. It states that everything that starts to exist has a cause. Since the world began to thrive, its existence must have been caused by other factors. The argument is valid; hence, one only needs to defend the two premises, and the conclusion implies that God exists. The first premise appears to be intuitive, and it might even prompt one to understand it prior as a metaphysical principle that should be true. The argument suggests that every time we observe things come into existence, their actions are caused. The case was massively rejected by David Hume, who argued that there was nothing like causation, and if it existed, no one could know about it (Strobel, 2004). If Hume was right, then it means that the first premise was either unsupported by experience or meaningless. According to Dr. Craig, none of the early philosophers scientific back up in their reasoning but mainly relied on philosophical and mathematical logic. Dr. Craig frames the kalam argument in three ways. The first step is that anything that as a beginning must have a cause; the second step is that the universe had a beginning and the third step is that the world has a purpose, based on the first and the third premise.

Is your time best spent reading someone else’s essay? Get a 100% original essay FROM A CERTIFIED WRITER!

Order now

Are there models other than the big bang that attempt to describe the origin of the universe? What are they?

Most of the fundamental points expressed in the big bang theory have been challenged by many scientists who came up with their opinions. These scientists were perturbed and disturbed by some of the ideas that were expressed in the big bang theory that was not in line with their ideologies of the creation and existence of the universe. One of the alternative models that have been formulated to explain the origin of the universe is Sagan's Cosmos. The theory eliminates the need for an absolute beginning of the world by suggesting that the universe expands and collapses indefinitely in cycles (Strobel, 2004). The second model is the Hawking's challenge, which is characterized by the quantum theory, which eliminates the need for a singularity.

What is meant by "fine-tuning of the universe"? Describe at least eight of the fine-tuning parameters that are discussed by Collins or found on the web.

Fine-tuning of the universe is the extreme balancing of the important laws and parameters of physics and the original universal conditions. One's mind can not fully understand some of these conditions. The process results in a world that contains the right terms that sustain life. Gravity is one of the cosmological parameters that have been discussed by Collins. It is one of the weakest force strengths with an incomprehensibly narrow range for life existence. It is located in the right location of all the possible settings on the dial, which makes the universe capable of sustaining life. The cosmological constant is another parameter which is used in the fine-tuning world. It is the energy density of space that arises in Albert Einstein's field equation. The varying mass differences between protons and neutrons are another parameter that is used in fine-tuning the universe. If the mass of neutrons is increased, the fusion of nuclear in stars will stop, and this would result in no energy source for life. Atomic force is another parameter that is used in designing the universe. The force defines the characteristics of the repulsive force between charged protons. Other parameters are dark energy, complex ionization history, varying constants, and cosmic topology (Strobel, 2004).

References

Strobel, L. (2004). The case for a Creator: A journalist investigates scientific evidence thatpoints toward God. Zondervan.