Haiti Earthquake 2010 - Essay Sample

Introduction

The nation of Haiti is the country that has been hit most with earthquakes. The worst earthquake to hit Haiti was the 2010 earthquake that resulted in the death of over 200,000 people and displacing over 2 million more. The 7.0 magnitude earthquake produced a mega-tsunami as an after effect that rose up to 3 meters and swept close to 5 kilometers inland. The earthquake occurred on 12th of January, 2010 with its epicenter near the town of Leogane. There were over 45 aftershocks that were felt in the next 7-10 days. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) was able to record aftershocks that number close to ten in the two hours that followed the main earthquake. The range of the aftershocks was between 4.3 and 5.9. The extent of damage affected most essential services such as communication systems and transport infrastructure. This effect made transport of survivors to hospitals difficult for the personnel charged with providing relief and aid services. Commercial structures and other buildings were not left behind. Of the greatest structural damages to buildings was the National Palace that had large portions of it collapsing. Other buildings included the National Assembly, a prison, and a famous cathedral.

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Internet of Things- IoTThe Internet of Things, also known as the IoT, refers to the annex of the internet that connects the internet to physical devices such as everyday electronics. These electronic devices can, therefore, interact and communicate with other devices through the use of the internet. Also, these electronic devices can be remotely controlled and monitored to do specific tasks that they have been instructed to. The devices can be made to act as sensors to sense the difference in stimuli and give a specific response that can be understood by the one monitoring the device. Similarly, the electronic device can be used as a probe and collect relevant information for meeting a particular objective, such as collecting information about the movement of the tectonic plates, change in sea temperature, sea level, or even vibrations in the ground. The use of the Internet of Things has made it a convergence point of many fields of technology such as machine learning, wireless sensing networks, automation, and real-time analysis of data. Also, it has been adopted in many fields such as those of business marketing, housing and construction, and disaster management.

IoT and Disaster Management

As expressed earlier, IoT has been adapted to be used in very many disciplines. Some of its effective uses in disaster management are as explained below.

Sensors Measure Shock Waves

Ground development increasing speed sensors trigger seismic tremor early admonitions. Researchers utilize the distinctive stun waves that a tremor radiates to issue a notice as ahead of schedule as could reasonably be expected. Geophysicist Friedemann Wenzel of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, says that they previously got a little and fast flag that did not do much harm to the gadgets. A conceivably disastrous wave then trailed this flag. That may not allow for a caution - normally among seconds and barely a moment - yet it is sufficient to start defensive measures. Express trains and lifts can be stopped. Processing plants can swing the arms of mechanical robots into a protected position.

Application Sounds the Alarm

Seismic observing stations are not by any means the only wellspring of information about inescapable tremors. Numerous structures, for example, extensions or tall structures have worked in sensors that ceaselessly screen their condition. This information can likewise improve early cautioning frameworks. MyShake, a free application, utilizes the increasing speed sensors of cell phones to contrast stuns with those that happen amid a seismic tremor. On the off chance that enough cellphones in a given region register the trademark flags, an alert can be activated. Research researchers have built up a calculation that sifts through vibrations, which happen when strolling, moving or dropping the telephone on the floor, from those that happen amid a shudder. The application at that point sends the sensor information and the GPS directions to a focal server. Right now, MyShake can recognize a tremor of more than 5 on the Richter scale at a separation of 10 kilometers.

The Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance (BBK) likewise utilizes cell phones to transfer alerts. The free cautioning application NINA for iOS and Android sends cell phone clients a push message, cautioning them of tempests, floods, huge scale fires or the spread of unsafe substances - including at their real area. NINA gathers information from the BBK, the German Meteorological Service and the state flood control focuses. In perspective on the expanding recurrence of extraordinary climate circumstances, the application presently sends up to two billion push messages for each month.

Sensor Network for Nuclear Power Stations

For quite a long time, the Internet of Things has been of significant help with observing atomic power stations - in Baden-Wurttemberg, for instance, where the Ministry for the Environment, Climate and Energy has set up the KFU, a mind-boggling estimation and data framework, to regulate Neckarwestheim, Philippsburg, and Obrigheim atomic power stations. This reactor remote checking framework records above a billion estimations every day on a committed sensor arrange. Created by T-Systems, it screens consequently, self-rulingly and nonstop the working status of the plant, including discharges into air and water and any neighborhood arrival of radioactive issue. On the off chance that edges are surpassed, the KFU naturally alerts the accessible as needs are administration and advise the specialists.

At the Point When the Forest Calls the Fire Service

In Spain, sensors joined to trees record parameters that change amid woodland fires, (for example, temperature, moistness, CO2, and CO). If they achieve basic dimensions, the woods inform the flame administration. The sensors give GPS directions to enable the firemen to limit the flame. In Rio de Janeiro control stations record water and power supply, climate and traffic information and send it straight to an activities focus. In a crisis, which can extend from traffic clog to serious tempests, the Centre tweets the news to its more than 50,000 adherents and sends extra messages by content or email.

Flame Service Plans and Vital Functions

The sooner data is accessible, the more powerful the assurance, and that certainly applies to the data that flame and salvage administrations get. Amid fiasco alleviation, staying up with the latest about the circumstance on the ground from a callout to entry is progressively significant. Specialists concur that without associated information present day firefighting and calamity help work will no longer have the capacity to work effectively on what's to come. Physical and computer generated reality are joined so that salvage specialists can work quicker and all the more unequivocally at the scene. By wearing increased reality glasses, salvage laborers can check development plans, mishap information sheets or subtleties of flame administration anticipates site. Estimating gadgets in defensive attire consistently measure indispensable capacities, for example, body temperature, heartbeat, and breath rate. This information is scrambled and handed-off progressively to a control focus, where it is checked.