Research Paper on Counselling

Introduction

Exploring counseling history creates the much-needed awareness that modern counselors and psychologists need to understand. According to Fenichel (2014), human beings mental issues are not limited by time. Human beings spiritual needs have remained the same for the last 100 years with the only difference being that, they have become more complex. Therefore, understanding how the counseling and psychology fields emerged provide valuable insights in tracing the cause of human mental problems. In the early 20th century, influential people like John Dewey were actively involved in providing interventions to human beings mental issues related to interpersonal relationships.

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Foundations of Counselling

Sigmund Freud later became the helping professionals who dominated the counseling sector. It is during that period that Freud psychoanalytic theory emerged and had retained its relevance in modern day counseling. Holt (1989) states that that human beings mental conditions could be cured making the conscious the unconscious thoughts that yield motivation and hence providing insights needed in dealing with some mental problems. Based on Freud's assumption that the unconscious human mind controls most human beings actions, counselors can help clients go through the process of self-realization which is essential for the betterment of human life. The work of counselors is to treat and take care of human mental health. Self-realization practices help clients on how to avoid most of the mental health challenges triggered by environmental surroundings like unemployment, divorce, sexual harassment and more tragic events that keep occurring directly or indirectly.

Literature Research Skills

According to Wilson, (2017) Information is power, and the more reason people enroll for an educational program is to gain knowledge. Libraries are referred to as information resource centers because they house different information sources such as books, articles, discussions and famous speeches and literary works that have contributed to the empowerment of society through information. Due to the nature and scope of information, not all the information found in a library may be helpful or be of interest to an individual. Therefore, it is critical for library users to understand how to search for literary material in a library and overall saving time. Also, library users can obtain credible and valuable information if they have a well-defined plan for information searching. To locate an article an individual needs to search form in the library, the first place to start should be the library checklist.

The checklist contains all the books and articles housed in the library. Knowing the name of the author and date of publication is an added advantage because the search criteria can be narrowed down to specific particulars. When exploring the library for information, Wilson, (2017) realized that accurate details remain the same regardless of the author.

Therefore, to shorten the time taken to find specific information contained in a specified book, an individual can start by picking any book as long as it's closely related to the information needed. This prevents from consuming a lot of time looking for information in, and yet the same information can be obtained in other works. An individual can still use the work cited page to explore books that contain similar information and hence saving on time to search for book titles and authors with related. Challenges encountered were too much information that created confusion. This challenge can be addressed by being specific when searching for information in a library.

The Legacy of Unresolved Loss

How McGoldrick Explained the Purpose of the Genogram and the Therapy Session?

McGoldrick et al, (2008) claims that explanation of the purpose of genogram is perfect. She first introduces herself and goes straight explain what she does, and she categorically states when she "works with families." This shows she is an experienced counselor with a record of helping people with issues related to families. She explains why an understanding of the painful family past is essential for the growth and development of a human being. Before even starting with the patient, she prepares an individual of what to expect and the reason why there is a need to bring up the past. Most of the people run away from painful past experiences and hence the inability to process current human emotions in the right way or develop an ignorant attitude towards some things.

How Did the Therapist Engage Each Family Member in the Therapeutic Process?

The therapist engages each family member with caution and with an objective approach. She makes them comfortable by making them understand why they need to keep answering the questions. She engages all the family members in the conversation by letting each make a brief description of his/her view. According to Skovholt & Jenninfs, (2017) the main aim of the counselor should be to understand the family history and untimely help them deal with their pending family conflict

How Did She Develop the Clinical Relationship?

She develops a clinical relationship by welcoming the patients to reach deep and let out the issues that affect them when dealing with other family members. By letting the patients speak about their feelings openly, she creates a happy place for all of them. Wilson, (2017) states that by doing this it makes it safer and easier for them to talk about issues they would like other family members to know. The clinical relationship is designed to deliver patient-centered care where the patient gets all the attention. McGoldrick, (2008) achieves this by allowing every individual to speak freely.

Response to Comment 1: History of Counseling

I agree with this discussion because the single most important role of counselors is to help human beings deal with mental health issues that are common and normal for human beings. However, during and after World War 2, the need for mental fitness gained popularly and almost became a mandatory requirement for most of the institutions. In the modern world, counselors play a crucial role in the education system because they help students understand their situation and environmental factors that trigger aggressive emotions.

Skovholt & Jennings, (2017) state that ultimately, the end effects or ripple effects of counseling services is assisting people to deal with issues the way they understand them. A counselor helps an individual comprehend a situation, and it is through this process, the patient gains insights into how to deal with the challenge. School counselors play the most vital roles in guiding hundreds of students in making the right decisions and overall having a better feature. Understanding the evolution of school counseling is beneficial to modern day scholars who are looking to solidify their counseling philosophies.

Today, the American education system requires counselors who have extensive knowledge of counseling theories. The objective of the counseling in education is to help nurture the personal growth of individual and group students. Self-realization is a process that involves exploring individuals or group potentials and weaknesses. Most of the students who need guidance and counseling suffer from low self-esteem issues. The failure for an individual to believe in him/herself often contributes to the reason why people never live up to their expectations or even achieved their dreams. Therefore, helping students realize their potentials at an early age helps an individual follow a path that will eventually lead him/her to achieve their desired goals.

Response to Comment 2: Vertical and Horizontal Stressors

According to my understanding of vertical and horizontal stressors, they are types of life events that trigger a crisis within an individual. The ability to deal with these stressors helps an individual in the making better and informed decisions. According to your statement, you have stated you had a cool childhood, and as grew up, you even met a best friend who helped you grow by shaping the kind of a person you are today. I want to pose a question and seek to understand how vertical and horizontal stress enabled you ultimately to become a better person? Did they influence your decision to join the college for psychology or what made you chose psychology as a preferred career choice?

Response to Comment 3: How Family Expectations Influences Children Career Choices

I agree that family expectations affect the career choice of a child. When growing up, I wanted to become a doctor because being a doctor for me was an excellent platform to become famous and at the same time help people. I didn't know anyone in my family who was a doctor, but there was one well-known doctor who was sought by hundreds of people every day. It happened that, my mother and the doctor were good friends and therefore I learned a few things about being a doctor.

Unfortunately, the good doctor went away to another unknown country in Africa. All the same, throughout my education I studied wanting to a doctor but joining college, I realized psychology was what I wanted to do and not be a surgical doctor. My mum only expected me to be the best of what I wanted to be and therefore, I had the freedom to explore myself and got support from family. Family expectations influenced a child career choice but based on my life experience, and I think it is time counselors encourage children to break away from family expectations by helping them go through the process of self-realization.

Response to Comment 4: Role of Women in Society

Considering the family history, it is obvious the family has a lot of expectations from a child who went to university and becoming a psychologist puts you in a better position to help many people who might be struggling with similar kind for situations. I assume that the reason why your family had a lot of financial difficulties is that women were not allowed to work and being a religious family, it only got complicated. My question is based on this assumption. How will you maintain a balance when you encounter a similar situation to that of your family? What will you do differently to yield a better outcome than that of your family?

Response to Comment 5

A Genogram is often times frustrating and can result in in anger and discomfort in patients while discussing personal issues during counselling sessions. By trying to be patient with Michelle McGoldrick tries to establish a situation whereby he provides a visual depiction of dynamics and family structure across upcoming generation. In this case, the genogram will enable her to understand all family members. Through data collected, one can make use of identified life transitions to make conclusions on issues affecting the client and come up with better solutions to issues affecting the client.

Response to Comment 6 and 7

Before conducting a genogram a counsellor should ensure that the client is informed on the importance the process, how it will occur and after the client has understood he or she can direct the professional to proceed. According to McGoldrick, (2008) a professional should establish a therapeutic relationship with the client. Through which one can reassure the client on existing problems. During such sessions one is expected to make use of body expressions and engage the client and be careful not to probe too hard. DeMaria (2017) states that a counsellor should utilize a well-established approach to focus on behavioral domains that determine the intergenerational transmission of the bonds of attachment. By focusing on each client individually the counsellor is able to avoid pushing into issues that will intensify the situation inst...