Discussion Question on the Development of International Human Rights - Paper Example

Q2. The impact of theory and political, economic policy on the development of international human rights law principles and human rights content of international law.

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Political and Economic policy has facilitated the development of recognition of human rights in the country, such as allowing women to work, just like men, which was something not practices. This is applied to modern international law as opposed to the classical where women were inferior to men, and thus, political and financial aspects have shaped the international human rights norms. Since it allows nations such as Pakistan to report on human rights aspects, international human rights law ensures that human rights in the country are promoted and monitored.

Political and financial relations have affected international human rights standards because member states contribute to the UN, thereby enabling the body to carry out its mandate. Countries in Unison also impose sanctions against countries that violate human rights thereby facilitating the shaping of international law on human rights.

Q3. What is more important in Pakistan treaty obligations under the international customary law and peremptory norms and treaty obligations and thoughts on whether international law had an impact on promoting human rights in Pakistan.

What is more important is the Pakistan obligations under peremptory norms and the international customary law as these outlaw various violations in Pakistan, such as death sentence and inequality among genders. Therefore, these have had a positive impact on human rights in the country as they outlaw these practices which have been abolished.

Q4. Do you think that the development of international law has had a positive impact on promoting respect for human rights in Pakistan?

IL development has seen improvement of compliance and promotion of human rights in Pakistan. In essence, when the human rights situation was reviewed in the second UPR cycle in 2012, Pakistan had 166 recommendations in the main areas of child rights, women rights, freedom of expression, internet rights, the right to food and health, and privacy. Pakistan accepted 126 and pledged to implement them. As at 2015, 33 of them were pending, and seven were rejected. The country cooperates with UN Special Procedures and takes effective measures against all disappeared persons by supporting the Working Group on Enforced Disappearances.

Q5. Differences between Classical and Modern international law theories

The classical system recognized the modern sovereign state as the only subject of international law. The system was composed of many sovereign states considered as legally equal and accepted unlimited right to wage war to enforce claims, as well as protecting national interests subsequently. It reflected the interaction among European powers and the imposition of their international legal order upon the rest of the world in the three centuries following the Peace of Westphalia.

In modern international law, the development is highlighted in the stages from the First World War to the Second World War, characterized by the split of the international community in the wake of the Russian Revolution, League of Nations development, from the establishment of the United Nations to decolonization (194560), and from the further expansion of the international community to the end of the Cold War marked by the dissolution of the Soviet empire (196089). It focused on human rights development, equality of all, including gender equality, recognition of child rights, and incorporation of UN charter and treaty mechanisms.