Essay Sample on Types of Dementia

Introduction

Dementia is caused by various disorders and factors which make the conditions worsen. Dementia has different kinds, and it is appropriate to identify the particular form that a patient has. The more a family member or health care professional understand about the disease, the more they are in a position to handle the patient. They are three common types of dementia, and they include;

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• Alzheimer disease - It is a type of dementia which is common and has no cure. It affects the memory and destroys patients other cognitive skills.
• Vascular Dementia - it is a form of dementia that affects cognitive skills and the mind of the patient. Mostly it affects patients who are above 60 years.
• Dementia with Lewy bodies - It is a type of dementia that is caused by the accumulation of a certain kind of protein. The protein accumulation occurs in the brain of the patient. Lewy bodies are the name given to these protein deposits, and they affect the patients' perception, behavior, and level of thinking. This type of dementia is difficult to diagnosis due to its resemblance to Parkinson's diseases. The symptoms of Parkinson's disease are the same to those of the Lewy bodies.

The Relationship Between Strep Throat and Glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis affects the kidney of an individual. This condition occurs due to white blood cells fighting the group A infection. Strep throat is caused by a disease called group A which has a biological term streptococcus. The bacterial causes strep throat, forcing the antibodies to fight the infection. After ten days of infection, the patient suffers from Glomerulonephritis. The condition is caused by white blood cells fighting the bacterial infection. Hence, strep throat causes PSGN which usually happens after ten days ("Group A Strep | Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis | | PSGN | GAS | CDC," 2018).

A Literature Review of Urinary Incontinence

I am going to use an article that has qualitative data and the burden of urinary incontinence. In 2006 and the 2007 and study conducted in England shows that millions of people are always affected by the condition. In 2011 the number of patients suffering from urinary incontinence increased compared to other years. Research indicates that urinary infections affect mostly the old people and those over the age of 85 years suffer the most followed by 65 and above. The primary challenge that occurs is the effort to care for the old patients affected (Feneley, Hopley& Wells, 2015). Health personnel chooses catheterization as the last option due to higher chances of patients suffering from urinary tract infections.

Differences of Pathophysiologic Characteristics and Management of Stress, Urge, Overflow, and Mixed Incontinence

Stress incontinence is caused by the failure of the genital muscles and is treated by the use of surgical interventions, pelvic muscle rehabilitation, and pubovaginal sling. The urge is caused by idiopathic which may be due to radiation treatment, bladder infections stones of urinary tract or tumors. The urge is treated by the pelvic muscle therapy, artificial sphincters and behavioral (Philips et al., 2015). Mixed incontinence is referred to like the combination of urge competence and stress which is commonly treated by pelvic rehabilitation and pharmacological treatment. Overflow incontinence is caused by the obstructions of the urethra, lack of inactivity of the detrusor muscle and lack of everyday activities.

Alzheimer Disease

Dementia is a dangerous disease that causes death to millions of American's every year. One type of Dementia is Alzheimer which is most popular and has no cure. It destroys the memory and cognitive functions of a person such as reasoning. Pathophysiology of Alzheimer is because of the plaques build up in the brain of the patient (McCance&Huether, 2014). The plagues grow in the hippocampus of the brain. AD causes degeneration of the patient mental capacity, and it has not been established if the plaques. AD main symptoms include a change in behavior, memory loss, and other cognitive skills. The following are the common symptoms of the AD condition. The first symptom varies from one to another. The common symptoms include:

1. Memory Loss
2. Taking longer to finish a normal task
3. Repeating of the questions
4. The poor judgment that makes the patient choose wrongly.

Alzheimer is the common type of dementia and amounts to 80% of all the cases. Diagnosis of the disorder is a complicated process where especially where the symptom is similar to another form of dementia. Differential diagnosis is determining the pathology of each type of dementia to develop an accurate diagnosis. The process helps in determining the appropriate treatment for the disorder.

Blood Screening is a laboratory test that identifies the presence of Alzheimer. The blood test tends to detect the presence of Toxic protein amyloid beta which is present to individuals suffering from the condition. Blood screening detects the presence of the toxic protein in the mind of a person (O'Bryant et al., 2016). Alzheimer has no cure, and once an individual has been affected, they tend the caregiver are forced to cope with the symptoms. The current treatment method is the use of drugs, and they include cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine. Cholinesterase inhibitor is a drug that boosts cell communication. Memantine also possesses the brain cell communication slowing symptoms progression. The drugs are mainly used to patients who are in moderate or severe condition. Viewing the effects of the disease from a Pathophysiology perspective it works. The drugs boast cells communication which boasts the cognitive function of the patient. Also, they reduce the progression of symptoms which helps patients. Also, they control the behavior of the patient.

References

Feneley, R. C., Hopley, I. B., & Wells, P. N. (2015). Urinary catheters: history, current status, adverse events, and research agenda. Journal of Medical Engineering &Technology, 39(8), 459-470. doi:10.3109/03091902.2015.1085600

Group A Strep | Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis | | PSGN | GAS | CDC. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/groupastrep/diseases-public/post-streptococcal.html

McCance, K. A. &Huether, S.E. (2014). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (7th ed.). St. Louis: Mosby

Phillips, V. L., BonakdarTehrani, A., Langmuir, H., Goode, P. S., &Burgio, K. L. (2015). Treating Urge Incontinence in Older Women: A Cost-Effective Investment in Quality-Adjusted Life-Years (QALY). Journal of Geriatrics, 2015.

O'Bryant, S. E., Edwards, M., Johnson, L., Hall, J., Villarreal, A. E., Britton, G. B., Quiceno, M., Cullum, C. M., ... Graff-Radford, N. R. (2016). A blood screening test for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 3, 83-90. doi:10.1016/j.dadm.2016.06.004