IAP-Linked Environmental Deaths: A Cause for Alarm in Society - Research Paper

Introduction

The World Health Organization (WHO) enumerates several indoor air pollutions (IAP) which are responsible for causing environmental deaths in the world from primitive household cooking appliances. The contribution of environmental factors to different types of environmental deaths is collective and worrying especially due to the use of biomass by most people within a given social setting. Notably, every society is affected by different criminal activities which hinder its cohesive stretch. Most of these criminal actions and events render them passive as well as expose them to criminal law jurisdiction to help curb the situation. However, the most investigated crime activity is associated with death which varies depending on the social location where one lives. Environmental deaths such as drowning, lightning, hyperthermia, and hyperthermia are the most common on for criminal law investigations. They play a vital role in identifying the nature of the inquiry which is worth for the intrinsic law dispensation. This paper examines the elaborate discussion of the different types of environmental deaths and the rate of their occurrence in Ohio in the United States. It also captures a detailed elaboration of the environmental deaths I term of age groups, sex, and race.

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Environmental Deaths in Ohio, United States

Drowning

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), drowning refers to the process by which one experiences respiratory impairment due to the immersion of or submersion in a liquid (World Health Organization, 2015). The victim can be recovered or dies in the process of drowning. However, most victims who have survived from drowning often experience long-term mental and physical trauma. Surprisingly, drowning mostly occur at a distance where it can quickly be helped, for instance, bathtub, the shoreline of the beach or the edge of the pool. During this time air is blocked from reaching the lungs due to the difficulty in breathing underwater by the victim, leading to death due to suffocation. Insufficient oxygen supply in the body exposes to a failed infraction as well as the damage of the brain which occurs with less than ten minutes.

Hyperthermia

Hyperthermia death occurs when the core temperatures in the body reach 105 Fahrenheit or sometimes higher. Notably, Hyperthermia is associated with heat stroke. Most of the heat illnesses are common in milder forms such as heat exhaustion and heat cramps. However, heat cramps are common large muscle groups like legs. During the elevation of temperatures, salt is depleted from the leading to the formation of cramps in legs (Prahlow, 2015). On the other hand, heat exhaustion occurs under that same condition which is common in heat cramps. It is commonly associated with salt and water depletion.

Hypothermia

Hypothermia is a core body temperature which is below 95 Fahrenheit. In the most occasion, the temperature condition in hypothermia can be tolerated by women as compared to men because of the thicker subcutaneous fat which most of them have. Notably, an obese tolerate colder temperatures as compared to these people due to adverse heat retention (Green, Gilbert, James & Byard, 2016). Similarly, infants are much affected by the colder temperatures as compared to the adults. However, during the hyperthermia's final stages, an individual begins to hallucinate, become warm and begins to undress, a behavior which is known as paradoxical undressing.

Lightning Deaths

The majority of deaths which are associated with lightning occur from cloud discharges. Most human deaths from lightning occur when the cloud strikes the ground and then the lightning strikes back to an individual directly or indirectly. Indirect strikes, the body receives that lightning strokes directly and vice versa (Prahlow, 2015). An example of an indirect attack occurs when lightning strikes a tree before traveling to a person.

Interestingly, environmental deaths in Ohio states vary depending on gender, age, and sex. The exposure reveals that the old are more susceptible to environmental deaths as compared to the young. Similarly, the whites die more from such incidences as compared to their black counterparts. Overall, males are tolerated to environmental deaths in Ohio as compared to the females.

Death Report from a Stimulated Crime Scene Investigation

A male, apparently a Native American, is lying on the ground and appears to be the shooting victim. The crime scene investigator is capturing several photographs of the scene while waiting for further instructions based on the evidence to be collected (Wagner, 2017). A firearm is standing at his right side. No struggle is evident, but several significant objects are present in the place which can be associated with the curved act. Both the victim and the culprit are present at the scene but with no apparent portrayal of similarity. The evidence and the gathered data were kept in a safe for future laboratory test to fathom the possible cause of the crime. The crime happened approximately two hours ago before the victim was pronouncing dead. Changes in the body reveal that the individual was exposed to a course situation that made him turn black within a shorter time.

Conclusion

In conclusion, environmental deaths such as drowning, hyperthermia, and lightning vary depending on the kind of exposure which a person is subjected to during the criminal act. The variation in the United States occurs depending on the social location of the person concerned. Overall, death reports reveal that the investigation of the crime scene must follow a concrete approach before a conclusion is made.

References

Green, H., Gilbert, J., James, R., & Byard, R. W. (2016). An analysis of factors is contributing to a series of deaths caused by exposure to high environmental temperatures. The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology, 22(2), 196-199. https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/41818874/An_Analysis_of_Factors_Contributing_to_a20160131-23426-1bva9je.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3A&Expires=1555591680&Signature=VHQZGxClJ9XB1c9inP1doLdjGyE%3D&response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DAn_Analysis_of_Factors_Contributing_to_a.pdf

Prahlow, J. (2015). Drowning. In Forensic Pathology for Police, Death Investigators, Attorneys, and Forensic Scientists(pp. 433-448). Humana Press.

Wagner, S. A. (2017). Death scene investigation: a field guide. CRC Press.

World Health Organization. (2015). The epidemiology of drowning worldwide. Injury control and safety promotion. Report of a WHO Study Group., (797). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32154-2