Describe the purpose of the study. The study is to assess the barriers to successful implementation of night-shift naps and to describe the nap experiences of night-shift nurses who took naps
What is the research question in the study? What are the potential barriers to implementing a napping program?
What is the hypothesis of the study? Napping has been adopted as an effective countermeasure to sleepiness and fatigue in other safety-sensitive industries, but has not had widespread acceptance in nursing
Napping on the night shift
Research Methods Table
Critical Element Response to the Critical Element An Example
Identify whether the study design is experimental or observational. Support your identification with examples from the study. The study uses an observational. It does not involve the manipulation of any variables as in an experimental design.
The study makes inferences from a sample to a population (nurses from different hospitals) but the independent variable is not under control. Sleepiness levels immediately before napping were assessed using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale
The study assesses a napping implementation project in 380-bed community teaching hospital, and the other a 313-bed childrens hospital.
Identify the methods used to collect the data and explain why the methods are appropriate based on the research question. Interviews and questionnaire were used as data collection methods
A single-page nap experience form was used by napping nurses to document aspects of the nap
Nurse managers and night-shift nurses were interviewed
Identify the data collected as quantitative or categorical. Support your identification with examples from the study. The data collected was categorical
Data gathered included the timing and duration of the nap, sleepiness level immediately before the nap, sleep ability during the nap, sleep inertia upon arising, and helpfulness of the nap. No unique identifiers were collected.
Discuss the potential weaknesses of the data collection methods used. Support your discussion with examples from the study Interview responses and feedbacks from a single-page nap experience form may not represent what happens in the reality.
Despite the fact that Most participants reported some sleepiness immediately before the nap, ten nurses on the unit where the napping program was implemented tried napping over the three-month course of the study, but none took a second nap.
Identify the data analysis methods used and explain why the methods are appropriate based on the research question. Descriptive data analysis method was used as the primary method. The data were described based on the level of measurement. The descriptive statistics are appropriate for making summaries of different sets of data assessed in the course of the study. Graphs were produced to display the relative proportions of the variables.
Discuss the potential weaknesses of the data analysis methods used. Support your discussion with examples from the study. Descriptive statistics tend to be so generalized as it does not capture some of the anomalies inherent in any study that has the potential of influencing the nature of outcomes The study attempted to implement napping in only two hospitals, and on only six units overall without factoring in the effects of incomplete implementation in some areas.
Describe the key demographics of the population sampled and identify the inclusion and exclusion criteria for participants. The study involved nurses and nurse leaders in medicalsurgical, critical care, and emergency department units.
Selectin of Six nursing units was done by the nursing research directors and executive nursing leadership. The selected units were subjected to the same conditions in both settings.
Reference
Geiger-Brown, J., Sagherian, K., Zhu, S., Wieroniey, M. A., Blair, L., Warren, J., . . . Szeles, R. (2016). Napping on the night shift: A two-hospital implementation project. American Journal of Nursing, 116(5), 2633.
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