Paper Example on Technologies for Hazardous Waste Treatment

Introduction

Most of the waste remedy technologies provide a lost lasting, quick and higher levels of risk minimization. However, the impacts depend on constant maintenance and integrity of structures and correct operation. Waste which is harmful, mobile, and persistent and bioaccumulative and being in a position to be treated are usually preferred for land disposal. In waste disposal, advanced technologies are likely to perform better than the previous applications. Performance evaluation of these current practices mainly relies on monitoring the side effects of their failure.

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Alternatives for Waste Reduction

Process Modification

These are modifications made on a continuous way in a plant with an aim to increase production effectiveness, improve products and reduce manufacturing cost. They include Chlor-alkali industry through modification of mercury electrophoresis cell, Vinyl chloride (plastic) production; here the incineration options are selected over chlorinolysis and catalytic fluidized bed reactors, Metal- finishing industry where processes in planting and cleaning strategies have enhanced this firm to remove requirements for wastewater facilities. Factories should reduce the process of releasing waste materials into natural resources.

During the process of production, the factories should apply the methods that are friendly to the environment. For example, in the areas where the mining of coal is taking place, we find that the people surrounding these areas are being affected by a lot of diseases. The infections are as a result of the particles of coal which are found in water which is used for domestic purposes and watering of animals. So in order to reduce the amount of waste which causes infections, then it is advisable for the industries to involve avoiding releasing the wastes into the water bodies.

Recycling and Recovery

The extraction of harmful materials from process effluent gives a better strategy of minimizing the capacity of wastes. The recycling and recovery usually are used together though technically are not the same; recovery entails the division of a substance from a mixture while recycling involves the application of such a material that is got from the effluent procedure. In factories that manufacture book, there are a lot of waste papers which require proper channel of disposal. With an increase in technology, the factories will decide to change the end product and reduce waste by making tissue paper and soviet which can be used in different ways within our domestic and industrial surroundings

Substitution of the End Product

This is the replacement of dangerous waste product by a new product. Generally, the development of such substitutes is compelled due to the various advantages to the user, for instance, improved reliability, low cost and or easier operations, or to the manufacturing firm, such as the minimization of production cost.

The Limitation of the usage of raw materials needed for manufacturing is again one of the ideas that encourage end-product substitution, for instance, reduction of the domestic or even importation of asbestos may enhance the replacement of asbestos products.

Some of the technological advancements have significantly reduced risky and dangerous waste, such as the development of electronics firms that have provided a control system which have higher efficiency compared to recent times.

Waste Treatment Technologies

These refer to advanced methods used to decompose or rather break down the harmful waste into non-hazardous constituents. Many of these applications use a high level of temperatures to break down waste materials. There are many essential impacts of greater temperature decomposition that make them ideal for toxic waste control. They include permanence achievement of waste reduction, broad application to waste mixes and reduced volume for land disposal.

Incineration is the most common method of treatment technology; combustion involves many aspects such as thermal treatment, industrial boiler, and industrial furnace. Nonetheless, Liquid wastes are quickly incinerated compared to sludge produced in a granular manner. Wastes which contain many levels of explosive metals are not suitable for incineration, again, the wet second-stage electrostatic precipitators are built to remove such volatilized metals, and however, they seem costly and not commonly found in more significant use.

Many treatment methods entail high temperatures, and they play vital roles in toxic waste control and management, they are discussed below. With the increase in the population, there has been an increase in technology and know-how. The increased knowledge can be effective in the treatment of waste materials. The plastic bag can be modified to make synthetic shoes and clothes. The technology can also be used to treat waste and sewage water, then channel into tanks to store water for domestic use. The treated water can be used to irrigate firms and the solid waste can be treated, and then be used to provide manure for farming.

Liquid Injection Incineration

Waste flowing freely is actually atomized by liquid injection via a tactfully designed nozzle, and the droplets are relatively tiny to allow debris to vaporize and transmit via all the steps of combustion entirely, and they stay in greater temperature zones of that particular incinerator. Moreover, the Liquid injection incinerators with rotary kilns provide the foundation of the harmful waste incineration treatment firms. Incinerators have to be formulated for specific waste stream features such as the viscosity, and again some waste has to be preheated, and the nozzles are carefully maintained.

Rotary Kilns

Rotary kilns handle a wider variety of combustible waste feeds, solids and sludge and liquids and gases. The cylinder brings down and uncovers the waste materials, and thus enhancing a standardized heat transfer. One of the advantages of rotary kilns is its capability to burn waste while in their physical status and a different feed mechanism. Massive waste management service firms operate relatively bigger rotary kilns as part of their integrated treatment method.

The Cement Kilns

The cement kilns entail unique types of rotary kilns. It involves the heating of liquid organic waste with the application of fuel inside the kiln flam, application of the thorough mixing and a longer residence time allow complete of the even difficult to burn waste materials. The alkaline condition in the kiln neutralizes the hydrochloric acid produced during the combustion of the chlorinated waste materials. Currently, some harmful wastes are being burnt in the cement kilns under the energy recovery exclusion. However local public concerns majorly about spills while hauling have presented significant challenges in the application of these methods.

Boilers

Burnable waste with enough heating value is incinerated together with the main fuel in some kinds of boilers. The boilers change the use of fuel into energy that is used for producing steam. Boilers are almost the same as the liquid incinerators; however, there exist crucial variations concerning the greater destruction efficiencies required for hazardous waste.

Multiple hearth Incinerators

This method applies a vertical incinerator container that has many horizontal cross-sectional floors where waste comes from up level to the next steadily moving down are burnt. They are used exclusively at industrial sludge of generally low hazard nature.

Conclusion

In conclusion, there are various technologies in waste treatment, and their respective responsibilities in risk waste management are in different forms, and most of the technical aspects are designed concerning policy and regulation issues. It is essential to the generation of waste than to incur the risk and costs involved in the treatment and management of hazardous wastes. Many waste reduction technologies are closely related to manufacturing and involve proprietary information.

With an increase in population, there have been reduction and depletion on natural resources. This is because people are struggling to survive and live comfortably under limited resources. Managing waste and contraction of the wasted resources is a vital responsibility of every member of the society. The government should pass laws and policies that will help in managing the waste material. People should reduce consumption, this will result in the saving and preservation of resources, and further, it will lead to a reduction of waste materials.

References

Klassen, R. D., & Whybark, D. C. (1999). The impact of environmental technologies on manufacturing performance. Academy of Management Journal, 42(6), 599-615.

Cudahy, J., Escarda, T., & Gimpel, R. (1995). Integrated thermal treatment systems study. Internal review panel report(No. DOE/EM--0268-96003365). USDOE Office of Environmental Restoration and Waste Management.