Sciatic Nerve: Causes & Symptoms of Sciatica Pain - Essay Sample

Anatomy, Sciatic Nerve

Sciatica is an indication of a problem within the largest nerve in the body, the sciatic nerve. This controls the knee back muscles and lower leg, providing feeling to the back part of the thigh and on the sole of the foot (Varenika et al. 2017). When a person is affected by sciatica, he has a weakness, pain, tingling, or numbness. This may start in the lower part of your back and spread out to your foot, leg, or toes (Glenesk and Lopez, 2018). The pain originates from the lower side of the end and passes through the hips and buttocks and spread down to each leg. It usually affects one side of the body (Desai and Cohen-Levy, 2019). Though the pain can be severe, in most situations, it is resolved with non-surgical treatments in a few weeks. Surgical operations are who are suffering from severe leg weakness or have bladder changes.

Is your time best spent reading someone else’s essay? Get a 100% original essay FROM A CERTIFIED WRITER!

Order now

There are six anatomic variants namely type one, sciatic nerve is undivided, the second type, the nerve divides above piriformis, and one portion exists through the other inferior, the third part, the nerve still divides above piriformis where one piece leads anterior to piriformis, type four is where sciatic nerve exists through piriformis and is undivided, the fifth type include the division of the sciatic nerve above piriformis, and one portion exist through in the last type the static nerve division exists from the superior aspect of piriformis prosperity (Glenesk and Lopez, 2018). Motor intervention to the booth of the thigh is provided by the nerve. The intervention includes; biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and the ischial part of adductor Magnus, allowing knee flexion and hip adduction. The skin intervention sensory to the foot and lower leg is part of the nerve. The nerve divides into the plantar and medial nerve for sole sensation (Desai and Cohen-Levy, 2019). The peroneal nerve is divided into the deep peroneal nerve and superficial peroneal nerve. The nerve is used in the provision of intervention sensory to the dorsum of the foot and lateral leg (Rice et al. 2018). For sensation deep peroneal is applied between the first and second toes. Lateral and medial sural nerves are protected from the tibial nerves and common perineal nerves, thus enabling sensation on a smaller portion of the calf and foot (Glenister and Sharma, 2018). The peripheral nerves, including the divisions of sciatic, get their blood from two sources, the intrinsic and extrinsic systems. The extrinsic system is concerned with the donations from the close veins and arteries which for a vasa nervorum while the intrinsic includes arteries and vein longitudinally just deep to the epineurium (Tomaszewski et al. 2016). The flow within nerves vasculature consists of any collateral networks and is highly variable. Doing a compare sciatic nerve branches, the tibial portion has a more abundant blood supply than the peroneal branches (Berihu and Debeb, 2015). Additionally, the symptoms include mid-buttock pain that moves down the leg, often unilateral. The patients suffer paresthesia in dermatomal distribution depending on the irritation of the sciatic nerve. Tests should be conducted in patients with low back pain (Giuffre and Jeanmonod, 2018). If ipsilateral pain is between ten to sixty degrees, then the test is positive. If the test causes pain in the contralateral leg, one should order an imaging test.

A Variant of the Sciatic Nerve and its Clinical Implications

The fibular nerves and tibial nerve are the two nerve that makes up the sciatic nerve. Epineural sheath joins these nerve together as they go down to the posterior thigh and posterior gluteal. Sciatic allows the pelvis to get into the gluteal region through the sciatic foramen leading to failure of the piriformis (Kraus et al. 2016). Lastly, the nerve divides into two portions at the femur near the apex of the popliteal fossa. During surgical approaches to the hip, it is essential to consider the variant of gluteal neural anatomy (Desai and Cohen-Levy, 2019). Extrapelvically and intrapelvically, there is no dividing of the two parts by the piriformis muscle. Treasuring anatomical differences during surgery by clinician help in avoiding iatrogenic injury to the sciatic nerve during surgical or invasive approaches. Presenting the anatomic variations of sciatic nerve separation may have clinical use importance of hip arthroscopy, piriformis syndrome, and clinical approaches that make surgeons aware of the variations.

During poster thigh approximation, two parts lacked a common sheath. The upper aspect of the tibial, popliteal, and common fibular nerves progressed in a typical fashion. In the separated areas no other musculoskeletal and neurovascular were noted. The sciatic nerve is weak compared to the piriformis muscle (Desai and Cohen-Levy, 2019). Within the location of tibial nerve laterally to the ischial tuberosity, the nerve is divided to the ischial tuberosity. The two components then move together but remain un-united.

From the presented case, herein is unusual since, sciatic nerve failed in the nerve separation, the piriformis, and split on the other side of the thigh. From the case, landmark location should contain electrode placement, surgery, entire sciatic nerve with injections, and the area around ischial tuberosity should be associated since an injury to common nerve might occur (Kotarinos, 2016). Avoiding injury to the sciatic nerve during surgical or aggressive processes, the possible anatomic variations must be appreciated by the clinician.

Anatomy, Bony Pelvis, and Lower Limb, Piriformis Muscle

Piriformis is the flat oval-shaped muscle in the gluteal region of proximal thigh. The piriformis is located among the six muscles in the hip short external rotator group, coursing parallel to the position margin of gluteus Medias (Butz, Raman, and Viswanath, 2015). The origin of the piriformis muscle is from the anatomical locations including the spinal region of gluteal muscle, the superior surface of ilium near the margin of higher sciatic notch and the interior surface of the lateral process of the sacrum (Kotarinos, 2016). The muscle stretches through the big sciatic notch and pull-out on the greater trochanter of the femur. During the process, the tendon of the piriformis muscle joins the inferior and superior gemellus and the tendons of the obturator before the insertion on the femur (Kotarinos, 2016).

Piriformis muscle is external rotator of the hip along with quadratus, inferior and superior gemellus externus and internus obturator. The muscle rotates the femur as the hip extends and captures the femur during the flexion of the muscle (Kotarinos, 2016). During walking femur, capturing is critical as it shifts the body weight to the opposite side, thus preventing one from falling. The muscle also serves as a landmark in the gluteal region (Butz, Raman, and Viswanath, 2015). The piriformis passage through the greater sciatic foreman divides it into an inferior and superior segment. The anatomy assists in naming the vessels and nerves of the region (Kotarinos, 2016). The inferior gluteal nerve exits inferiorly, and the superior gluteal nerve exists superior to the piriformis.

Surgical operations are done in refractory conditions after exhausting the non-operative modalities. The open surgery releases the whole piriformis tendon from insertion on the posterior femur (Butz, Raman, and Viswanath, 2015). The neurosis of the sciatic nerve is performed in the tandem. Latter is optional in settings of advanced conditions affecting the course of the nerve itself. Chronicity of the condition determines the result after surgery (Thompson and Visagie, 2017). Before the performance of surgery, patients should be counseled before it is conducted even after the surgery is performed (King and King, 2019). To relieve the adhesions on the nerve, the patients should undertake motion and stretching exercises (Butz, Raman, and Viswanath, 2015). The condition should be diagnosed and treated. Buttocks pain can be confused with sciatica, lumbar radiculopathy, or trochanteric bursitis (Berihu and Debeb, 2015). The number of people suffering from piriformis syndrome is increasing over time dramatically. Pain in the back is a sign of piriformis, and rolonged sitting, stretching, climbing stairs, and squatting can also worsen (Berihu and Debeb, 2015).

Piriformis Syndrome and Wallet Neuritis: Are They the Same?

Piriformis syndrome is associated with adjacent piriformis muscle and nerve making features. These features are similar to the sciatica of lumbar spine origin such as lumbar disc prolapse which confuses the physician's pain about the pain analysis. The identification of lumbar spine pathology exclusion is piriformis syndrome (Siddiq, 2018). Lumbar spinal stenosis is an association of pathology piriformis. Piriformis pyomyositis, long length, and fibromyalgia are used as descriptions of the syndrome (Neel and Rizvi, 2018). The latter conditions might exist without the features like pace sign, flexion adduction of internal rotation. Suspension of fatty buttocks wallet to show discomfort to the patients (Berihu and Debeb, 2015). This makes the other processes unnecessary to the patients too.

Wallet neuritis is characterized by time-consuming, where patients visit the doctors regularly. However, a patient can develop both piriformis and walletosis syndrome repeatedly. Prolonged sitting on fatty wallets may lead to gluteal and pelvic structures, including the piriformis muscle as a result of exorbitant mechanical strains (Chang and Hubbard, 2018). The struggle accelerates proliferation within the organism and discharges features from myofascial pain syndrome. The syndrome worsens as a result of prolonged lying and sitting on the affected side. The suffering of patients' contrary increases (Bartret, Beaulieu, and Lutz, 2018).

Women and patients with sciatica diagnosis from six percent to thirty percent have ailment in common. On the other side, walletosis is used for piriformis syndrome (Larkman et al. 2017). From studies conducted in previous days, plastic credit cards enlarge the wallet and cause compactness on the contagious sciatic nerve, which leads to the manifestations of the sciatic nerve (Spence and Forro, 2018). The issue is not taken severely amongst the people. We still do not know if the matter causing wallet neuritis features are concerned with the wallet size. From the study conducted in America in nineteen seventy-eight, it demonstrated that even a twenty eighty by thirty-seven millimeters sized wallet is good enough for causing wallet neuritis (Desai and Cohen-Levy, 2019). Still, it not yet known the relationship that exists between the gluteal and how it fits with the wallet.

Lastly, piriformis muscle disorder affects static nerve in close range while the wallet neuritis originates from the external compressive of neuropathy sciatic nerve. Prolonged exposure to wallet cause damage to the alignment of pelvis lumbosacral and gluteal anatomic structures with a resultant feature from piriformis syndrome (Hernando et al. 2015). During the evaluation of walletosis, access to adjacent piriformis muscle is needed if it will be unnecessary to the usage of piriformis syndrome interchangeably with walletosis (Berihu and Debeb, 2015).

From the above discussion, it is apparent that a painful condition of sciatic leads to chronic pain in patients if the cause...