Brief Summary of Forensic Analysis

Introduction

The routine of individuals to engage in criminal acts and escape has been on the rise in the current generation. The affected families or groups of individuals tied with the pains of losing their beloved ones or even property suffer from psychological torture. This is due to missing facts about the actual causes of the victimizations subjected to the affected people. Forensic science is the study which involves data collection of objects or persons with the influence of gathering the sources of specific causes of crimes within the environment. The organization at hand is responsible for forensic data collections based on the kind of staffs hired. The experts are highly experienced and knowledgeable on matters crime related. The instruments used in the forensic analysis of objects and living things involved in accidents and crime scenes are modernized and highly effective in obtaining the required data meant for analysis. Relating the assignment issued by the Chief in collaboration with his Commander to the executive summary above, it is possible to find the best methods of retrieving evidence from crime and accident scenes. The methods would assist in the location of the specific sources of objects involved in crime and later aid in the implementation of the law for the abusive criminals otherwise termed as lawbreakers.

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Forensic Pathologies suggests different ways of obtaining data from the environment upon the occurrence of crimes within the environment without recognition of the specific personnel's. The methods implored in researching the causes of the crimes enhance the onset of determining the real individuals connected to the cases at hand. Krjutskov (2009) states that "the various methods chosen in forensic laboratory testing have different approaches." However, the organization responsible for forensic testing in the study case above would be guided by the effectiveness of the chosen methods. The factors which would be considered with the concern of selecting the best methods for laboratory tests are:

• Cost of the methods
• Accuracy levels of the method
• Specimen involved
• The time required to complete the collection and analysis of the data required
• Instruments needed for the completion of data collection and storage
• Nature of crime
• Secrecy of the results obtained from the laboratory tests
• The skills and Knowledge of the Forensic Pathologies rendering the services.

Forensic Testing Methods

According to Kohnemann (2008), Forensic testing methods are of different types depending on the specimen subjected for testing and causes of the crimes considered. Some of the types of laboratory testing within forensic studies and analysis are related to:

• Forensic Toxicology
• DNA and genetic tests
• Forensic Pathology and Autopsies
• Abuse testing

Forensic Toxicology

Forensic toxicology helps in the identification of poisons or drugs ingested by individuals and are applied mostly in postmortem cases for drug intoxications (Tutton, 2014). The concentrations of the toxic substance within the body fluids extracted from the deceased help in identifying the causes of death among such people.

DNA and Genetic Tests

Genetic testing and DNA type of forensic laboratory testing are applied in cases where conflicts arise in families and relationships on the origin of a child. The unique genetic make-up kids are determined by parental genes upon the comparison of the fingerprints of the involved members. The likelihood that two samples are from relatives is determined by the DNA testing on the genetic sequences unlike in clinical cases where the DNA is used in the detection of the Chromosomal mutations in related to diseases (Luttgens). However, the health history of an individual is not released during forensic collection of information.

Abuse Testing

Cases related to sexual abuse and harassment can be subjected for forensic analysis in determination of the specific people engaged in the inhuman acts of rape. Both the females and males are liable to sexually related abuses in the different environments they are surrounded too. The fear of reporting the cases to the responsible bodies shouldn't be part of the affected individuals. Once the cases are presented to the bodies, an immediate effect on the forensic analysis of the causes of the irritations to the innocent individuals begins. The DNA samples are obtained from the body fluids such as saliva, sweat, or even the fluids from the reproductive systems. The tests subjected to such individuals abused from sexual harassment are connected to Flunitrazepam and Gamma Hydroxybutyrate tests.

Forensic Pathology and Autopsies

Accidents occur daily in different places all across the globe. The damages subject to travelers can at times cause difficulties in identifying people due to the deformations caused on the people by the dangerous accidents. Nonetheless, forensic studies are in the capacity of identifying the correct identity of individuals with deformed physical appearance. This possible during autopsy where pathologists initially carry out a gross examination to determine the physical anomalies about the real information about the deceased.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the incorporation of certain methods in forensic laboratory testing results in obtaining the exact causes of crime issues. However, the application of DNA tests, abuse testing, autopsy, and pathologic tests, and forensic toxicology are among the best ways to collect data or evidence from scenes of crime for the subjection of law to the oppressors of the affected groups.

References

Kohnemann, S., Sibbing, U., Pfeiffer, H., & Hohoff, C. (2008). A rapid mtDNA assay of 22 SNPs in one multiplex reaction increases the power of forensic testing in European Caucasians. International journal of legal medicine, 122(6), 517-523.

Krjutskov, K., Viltrop, T., Palta, P., Metspalu, E., Tamm, E., Suvi, S., ... & Nikopensius, T. (2009). Evaluation of the 124-plex SNP typing microarray for forensic testing. Forensic Science International: Genetics, 4(1), 43-48.

Tutton, R., Hauskeller, C., & Sturdy, S. (2014). Suspect technologies: forensic testing of asylum seekers at the UK border. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 37(5), 738-752.

Luttgens, J. T., Pepe, M., & Mandia, K. (2014). Incident response & computer forensics. McGraw-Hill Education Group.