Civil War In America

Introduction The wars of independence in America took place as the revolutions during the 18the and early 19 the century. The civil war in America happened between 1861 and 1865. This revolution led to the creation of many countries with independence in Latin America. This paved way for other revolutions such as the French as well as the American Revolutions that were known to influence the British, French, Spanish as well as the Portuguese colonies. The United States was closely followed by Haiti which was a French slave colony and this revolution lasted for 13 years before they won their independence. Secondly, Napoleon occupation that led into the war between the French and Peninsular contributed much to the mistrust of the Peninsular and therefore Creoles felt a need to question its allegiance. This paper focuses on the analysis of the civil war that took place in America.

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Pre-colonial period

Latin America comprises of North America, South America, Caribbean and Central America. The languages that are popular in the region are Spanish, Portuguese, Amara, Guarani, and Mayan. People migrated from countries of Russia, Italy, Balkan came in huge statistics as they were escaping their homes because of hostility and the unending poverty facing them (Escobar, 2018). They thought that the land of America was the land of many opportunities so they came in search of the prospect for a better living condition. Also, before them, there were also other migrants from the Western and Northern Europe who were well familiar with the English language and adapted readily.

Main events leading to the Civil War in America

The civil war in America was also referred to as the second revolution in America which took place for a period of four years (1861-1865). The war was between The Northern states and the Southern states which formed a union known as the confederated states. This war ended with a big number of casualties in which it was referred to as the largest number of casualties in comparison with many of the wars that had happened in America. The war happened during the presidency of Abraham Lincoln in which it started shortly after the swearing in of the sixteenth president of the United States (Rabe, 2014). The Northern states had pledged its loyalty to the constitution of the United States while the Southern states which formed the confederated states declined against the constitution of the United States under the presidency of President Lincoln. The Northern United Stated economy was quickly modernizing and also expanding due to the concern of concentrating on free labor which was used in smaller farms and also the aspect of industrialization. This, in turn, made them invest in different means of transport such as roads, steamboats, and canals. They also invested in banking industries and also communication networks. On the other hand, the States which formed the Confederate States of America had their economy grounded on plantations which grew crops such as cotton in which their plantation depended on labor force from the slaves (Foner 2014). This meant that they invested more of their money on slaves rather than investing their money on development in the transportation sector. Therefore there were some of the key events which led to the uprising of the Civil Wars due to their different ideologies.

The first blacks who were brought in America arrived in the year 1619 and were brought by the white colonist from Jamestown in Virginia. The native Indians were not willing for their colonial masters which revealed that their main purpose was to bring cheap labor for the colonialist. The reason as to why the blacks were to bring cheap labor was due to the fact that they were coming from as far as Africa which meant that they would be willing to carry out their work without condition. However, due to these forced labor that the slaves received, they opposed it in many ways which included the use of the underground railroads which they used to escape from these colonialists (Rabe, 2014). This was evidenced by one of the letters which showed the opposite of slavery as being "a very hazardous revolution among the Negroes in the Eastern coastline of Virginia".

Although the black slaves were tortured and forced to work freely for the colonialist in the United States, they had their source of motivation from the Haitian Revolution. This was as a result of the slaves who belonged to the slave's colony who were led by Toussaint L'Ouverture successfully made the liberation of their colony from both their colonial masters and the slavery. President Jefferson on his side on the slaves of America did not identify the efforts which were done by the slaves in Haiti although he supported the French. This was also added up to the fact that he was also a slave master ( Prevost, 2012)"It is well recognized that Jefferson keeps and for many years past has reserved, as his concubine one of his slaves..." However, the Federalists backed up the idea of the Haitian revolution although the main element that contributed to the ending of the slavery was the war between the Unionist and the confederated States supported the Haitian revolution.

The biggest problem on slavery according to Reverend Theodore Parker was the constitution. This was according to the speech that he made at a meeting at the Faneuil Hall in the year 1854 May 26. He viewed the establishment of the constitution to bring about justice, promote serenity and also protect blessings of liberty to the citizens and also our future. Even though, the constitution did not fulfill these aspects. "Now, the structure is not safe freedom; it is to spread out servitude into Nebraska; and, when servitude is recognized there..."

The article of Confederation obliged the first constitution of the U.S before its approval in the year 1787. However, the issue of slavery was not mentioned during the period of the Article of Confederation. The absence of the issue of slavery in a state population was irrelevant.

The constitution of the U.S after the convection in the year 1787 made use of language which was unclear on the matter of owning slaves (Koonings, and Dirk, (1999). This is because the document evaded the use of terms such as slave and slavery. Conversely, the matter of slaves showed itself in Article 1, section 2 of the constitution. Among the big concession of the constitution of the U.S was a 3/5th rule which gave lawful allowed slavery and gave the southern states an upsurge in the representation in the representation grounded on the 3/5th of their particular slave population in the two-house Congress. "Conferring to their particular Numbers, which shall be strongminded by adding to the whole Number of free persons, including those certain to Service for a term of years and exclusive of Indians not taxed, 3/5th of all other persons".

The agricultural economy also led to the occurrence of the civil wars. The revolution of the industrialization that existed in the Northern region symbolized that it was depending on the laborers who were paid the salaries and not the slaves. The southern concentrated on the farming of cotton as the biggest cash crops. This meant that they required slaves who would work in the plantations. This meant that the Africans were the sources of labor in the plantation (Prevost, 2012). "Madison's wealth consisted principally of plantations and slaves"

The Northern part was not extensively using labor from slaves because of its progress in industrialization. The climate in the northern and the land terrain were also factors which did not favor the inclusion of slaves in its economic activity. However, not the entire northern region benefited from the abolishing of slavery (Prevost, 2012). The northern region benefited from the cotton because of the running of the cotton ginneries and also other industries.

The southern state was sensing defeat and their other option was forming coming up with a political party which was the republican. This is because they were reliant on Jefferson's idea that "each state has a natural right to abolish". However, the disownment of slavery by the Republican president meant withdrawal was their only hope in order to preserve their economies. However, the national government and the north were not ready for parting with the civil war being the way to follow.

Conclusion

The civil war shaped the United States to what it is in the recent days. However, the war has remained to be one of the most misunderstood events that happened in American History.

Works cited

Foner, Eric. Give Me Liberty. 1775. Vol 1

Foner, Eric. Reconstruction: America's Unfinished Revolution, 1863-1877. New American Nation Series. Vol. 9. New York: Harper & Row, 1988.

Koonings, Kees, and Dirk Krujit, eds. Societies of fear: The legacy of civil war, violence and terror in Latin America. Zed Books, 1999.

Prevost, G., & Vanden, H. E. Politics of Latin America: the power game. 2012)

Rabe, S. G. The most dangerous area in the world: John F. Kennedy confronts communist revolution in Latin America. UNC Press Books. 2014