Opioid Use Increases: Anesthetic Impact & Children's Risks - Essay Sample

Introduction

The use of opioid realizes a tremendous increase in the past three decades with most exposures coming in during the perioperative period (Baxter et al., 2019). This is the period in which anesthesiologists significantly impact on the pain management process of the patients. The use of opioids is linked to a wide range of side effects and has contributed to large masses of unintentional deaths (Wakimoto & Burjonrappa, 2019). Use of opioids in children is limited since children have a low recovery period which exposes them less stay in hospitals. In this case, after major surgeries in children, rehabilitation and recovery period is impacted on by minimal comorbidities and better physiological activities of the body which enhance their recovery process.

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The rise in the opioid linked epidemic, as well as opioid use disorder, has led to the restriction and reduced use of opioid in pain management in the perioperative period to control and prevent chronic opioid use. Additionally, the implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol promote multimodal and opioid-free analgesia (Kumba, Blanc & Cock, 2019. However, the application of ERAS is only relevant to adults in elective surgery. Children do not require ERAS since its outcome is not affirmed in children. On the other hand, children have higher physiological activities along with reduced comorbidities.

The rise in the misuse of opioid and the associated problems which has increased the risk factors that are linked to opioid use has facilitate the notable decline in its application in pain management (Wakimoto & Burjonrappa 2010). Similarly, due to opioid use disorder, low amounts are used in pain management in children. Therefore, decreased use is realized along with a reduced stay in the hospitals.

Annotated Bibliography

Baxter, K. J., Short, H. L., Wetzel, M., Steinberg, R. S., Heiss, K. F., & Raval, M. V. (2019). Decreased opioid prescribing in children using an enhanced recovery protocol. Journal of pediatric surgery.

The study highlighted the decrease in opioid description in children by the use of an enhanced recovery protocol of recovery. The study addressed the use of Enhanced Recovery Protocol (ERP)for children with elective gastrointestinal surgery. According to the results of the study, the use of ERAS reduces the span spent in hospital and therefore improve the patient's outcome. As evident in adults, the study highlights the potential of the procedure in realizing the significance of the process in facilitating the recovery of children after surgery. The study is useful as it points out the influence of opioid on the medical field and the resultant impact that accounts for the decline in its application in recent days. The study is useful as it points out an alternative measure to replace the use of opioids in pain management in patients after surgery reducing the adverse effects of using many opioids on children after surgery.

References

Baxter, K. J., Short, H. L., Wetzel, M., Steinberg, R. S., Heiss, K. F., & Raval, M. V. (2019). Decreased opioid prescribing in children using an enhanced recovery protocol. Journal of pediatric surgery.

Wakimoto, Y., & Burjonrappa, S. (2019). Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols in neonates should focus on the respiratory tract. Pediatric surgery international, 1-8.

Kumba, C., Blanc, T., & Cock, D. A. (2019). Protocol for rapid recovery pathways after surgery in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J of Anes & Cri Open Access, 11(2), 42-44.