UTIs: Causes, Locations & Prevention Tips - Essay Sample

Introduction

Urinary tract infections UTIs are the severe health problems that occur in the presence of pathogens in the human body. The pathogens may include Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus saprophyticus usually referred to as microbes. The organisms may be too minute to be seen and therefore, a microscope is normally applied in order to view them effectively.

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UTIs may occur anywhere within the urinary tract. This position may include kidneys, ureters, urethra and the bladders. However, in most cases, it occurs in urethra and bladder in the lower tract, but can also affect ureters and kidneys in the upper tract. Upper tract infections rarely happen but in case they occur they are always characterized by severe effects (Gravas,2015).

The symptoms of a given type of tract infection may depend on the part of the track affected, when the effects occur in the urethra and the bladder, blood urine, rectal pain in men, increased urgency of urination mare some of the symptoms that may be seen, on the other hand, when the effects are observed in the kidneys, there may be fever, nausea, chills, and vomiting as the main symptoms.

Factors Leading to Infections

Some of the factors that affect the rate of urinary tract infections are age and gender. the rate of effects increases with age. Due to the inability to hold urine by the aged people, they usually get exposed to the effects of the bladder problems which may eventually lead to lower urinary tract infection. Another factor that affects the rate of UTIs is gender, the effects are normally predominant in women than in men. Research has it that woman are mostly affected due to sexual intercourse and continuous use of spermicidal contraceptives. This ends up weakening their immune system and thus subject them to risks of the urinary infections.

Diagnosis and Treatment

For diagnosis and treatment of this disease, doctors can always take an analysis of the urine samples, create images of urinary tract in patients by using microscope to effectively observe the present pathogens inside the bladder or the urine samples can be taken to the lab and left for sometime to grow to be able to come up with the exact microbes that are behind the effect, once the presence of the infections have been confirmed, they can then be treated by taking antibiotic medicines like ciprofloxacin famously know as Cipro and levofloxacin commonly known as Levaquin. This is antibiotic medicines that will help neutralize the effects of the bacterial infections in the urinary tract (Wagenlehner,2015).

References

Gratzke, C., Bachmann, A., Descazeaud, A., Drake, M. J., Madersbacher, S., Mamoulakis, C., ... & Gravas, S. (2015). EAU guidelines on the assessment of non-neurogenic male lower urinary tract symptoms including benign prostatic obstruction. European Urology, 67(6), 1099-1109. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0302283814013943

Grabe, M., Bjerklund-Johansen, T. E., Botto, H., Cek, M., Naber, K. G., Tenke, P., & Wagenlehner, F. (2015). Guidelines on urological infections. European Association of Urology, 182.